Drill with a licensed driller and yield-test the well
Drilling is specialist work, and the yield test tells you whether the well can really meet demand at peak times.
How
- Use a certified or licensed well driller, as US EPA advises for new wells, changes and well closures. Get the well permit first if your area requires one (legal module).
- Ask for a written well log: depth, casing, grout seal, water strike levels and static water level.
- Require a sustained yield test. New York State requires yield testing for new drinking water wells and targets a sustained yield of at least 5 US gallons per minute (about 19 L/min) for a home, which it estimates covers a typical peak of two fixtures running at once.
- If yield is lower, plan storage. New York recommends 100 to 300 US gallons (about 380 to 1,140 L) of storage for wells yielding 1 to 5 gpm, depending on bedrooms, and does not recommend wells under 0.5 gpm for a home.
- Remember casing storage: a 6 inch (150 mm) well holds about 1.5 US gallons per foot (about 18.6 L per metre) of water column.
- Record drawdown at the test rate. You need it for the pump head calculation.
Safety: Never enter a well pit or dug well: low oxygen and gases can kill. Keep children away from open boreholes.
Do these first
Sources
- Protect Your Home's Water. US EPA, accessed 2026-11
- Individual Water Supply Wells: Fact Sheet #2 (yield and storage). New York State Department of Health, accessed 2026-11